.htaccessOptimizing web performance is crucial for improving user experience and reducing server load. Apache’s .htaccess files offer a variety of tools to enhance performance. Here are some key techniques:
Compressing files reduces their size, speeding up download times.
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml text/css application/javascript
</IfModule>
Specify caching rules to store static resources locally.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
    ExpiresActive On
    ExpiresByType image/jpg "access plus 1 year"
    ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 1 month"
    ExpiresByType application/pdf "access plus 1 month"
    ExpiresByType text/javascript "access plus 1 month"
</IfModule>
Ensure Gzip compression is enabled for additional file types.
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml text/css application/javascript
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/vnd.ms-fontobject font/ttf font/opentype
</IfModule>
Prevent other sites from using your images, saving bandwidth.
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http(s)?://(www\.)?yourdomain.com [NC]
RewriteRule \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$ - [F]
Keep connections open to reduce latency for subsequent requests.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header set Connection keep-alive
</IfModule>
Set rules for optimized file delivery and HTTP/2 support.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header unset ETag
    FileETag None
</IfModule>
Using .htaccess files for performance optimization can significantly enhance website speed and efficiency. Implement these techniques to improve load times, reduce server load, and deliver a smoother user experience. Regularly review and update your .htaccess rules to adapt to evolving performance best practices.